Development and Application of Superhard Tool Solutions

Release time:

2022-05-12

Superhard tool material refers to natural diamond and artificial diamond and CBN (cubic boron nitride) with similar hardness and performance. Due to the high price of natural diamond, artificial polycrystalline diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride and its composite materials are mostly used in the production of superhard tool solutions. Then, let's learn about the development and application of superhard tool solutions!

Superhard tool material refers to natural diamond and artificial diamond and CBN (cubic boron nitride) with similar hardness and performance. Due to the high price of natural diamond, artificial polycrystalline diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride and its composite materials are mostly used in the production of superhard tool solutions. Then, let's learn about it together.Superhard Tool SolutionsThe development and application of it!

Diamond has extremely high hardness and wear resistance, and its microhardness can reach 10000HV, which is the hard material in the tool material. In addition, the friction coefficient is small, and non-ferrous metal incompatibility, easy to flow out of chips, high thermal conductivity, cutting is not easy to produce chips, good processing surface quality, copper, aluminum and other non-ferrous metals and their alloys, ceramics, sintered hard alloy, a variety of fiber and particle reinforced composite materials 700~800 easy to carbonization, so it is not suitable for the processing of steel materials. Because at high temperatures, iron atoms are easily converted into graphite structures by interacting with carbon atoms. In addition, when it is used to cut nickel-based alloys, it will also wear rapidly.

　　Superhard Tool SolutionsThe main varieties and applications

At present, the main varieties of carbide tool materials that have been applied or are being tested in the world are:

1. Natural and synthetic large single crystal diamond

Single crystal diamond has natural diamond (ND) and synthetic diamond two kinds. Single crystal diamond must be large particles to make cutting tools (mass must be greater than 0.1G, small diameter length must be less than 3MM). ND is a hard substance in known minerals at present. Its microhardness can reach 10000HV, wear resistance is good, and the cutting edge is very sharp, the roughness value of the edge is small, the friction coefficient is low, the adhesion resistance is good, and the thermal conductivity coefficient is high. The hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and chemical stability of the natural diamond of the tool during cutting ensure the ultra-long life of the tool, ensure long-term normal cutting, and reduce the influence of tool wear on the machined parts; its high thermal conductivity can also reduce the cutting temperature and thermal deformation of parts. Superhard Tool Solutions

2. Polycrystalline diamond and polycrystalline diamond composite edge

PCD, also known as diamond sintered body, is a polycrystalline material in which a large amount of diamond single crystal powder is condensed by cobalt and other metal binders at high temperature and high pressure. Its hardness is slightly lower than that of natural single crystal diamond, but it is randomly oriented diamond grain aggregation, isotropic, and has no cleavage surface. Therefore, the strength, hardness and wear resistance of different crystal planes, such as large single crystal diamond, do not have large differences, and appear brittle due to the existence of cleavage planes.

3, CVD diamond

CVD diamond is prepared at low pressure. Unlike large single crystal diamond, PCD and PDC are synthesized at high temperature and high pressure. There are three kinds of CVD diamond: one is CVD diamond coating (including diamond-like carbon DLC coating) deposited on a suitable substrate; the other is CVD diamond thick film with a thickness of 1MM unsupported; and the third is CVD diamond single crystal film or quasi-single crystal film epitaxially grown on diamond seed. CVD diamond is a pure diamond without any metal catalyst, so the thermal stability is close to that of natural diamond. Like high temperature and high pressure synthetic polycrystalline diamond, the grains of CVD polycrystalline diamond are also disordered, without brittle cleavage surface, and are isotropic. Compared with PCD and PDC tools, CVD coated tools have the advantages of complex tool shape, low cost and multi-blade. However, the super hard tool solution also has the disadvantages of low bonding strength between the diamond coating and the substrate, and the edge of the CVD diamond coating is easy to peel off. So far, the application market of CVD diamond is not large; compared with PDC, the main advantage of CVD diamond thick film is good thermal stability, but the disadvantage is low inter-grain aggregation strength, high internal stress, relatively brittle, and non-conductive. In particular, the lack of conductivity hinders its application in electric discharge (EDM) cutting and grinding processing technology. This technology is widely used in the diamond tool processing industry, especially in the production and dressing of wood processing tools.

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